许昌春秋楼

　　许昌春秋楼景区位于许昌中心，文庙前街中段，地理位置优越，交通极为便利，是一处明清风格的古建筑群，属河南省重点文物保护单位，国家3A级旅游景区。

　　东汉建安五年，曹操东征，下邳之战俘获关羽及刘备甘、糜二位夫人，为保护皇嫂安全，关羽“土山三约”之后暂且归附曹操，来到许昌。曹操宠才爱将，遂拜关羽为偏将军，并赐府宅一处，让关羽和二位皇嫂同住，关羽为避嫌，将一宅分为两院，让二位皇嫂住内院，自己住外院，院中有一楼，关羽在此秉烛达旦，夜读《春秋》，春秋楼由此而得名。

　　现存春秋楼古建筑群，始建于元代至元年间，历经元、明、清三代多次修葺，形成了“一宅分两院”的基本格局，外院中轴线上依次有雉门、钟鼓楼、春秋楼、刀印楼、关圣殿等，内院有问安亭、甘糜二后宫、挂印封金堂及附属建筑；西与文庙毗邻，总占地面积约30亩，是三国旅游线上的重要旅游景点。

　　景区内文化设施、文化内涵、文化特色建设情况 春秋楼景区是以三国文化为依托的一处人文景观，文化内涵深厚，基础设施完善。整个景区有三大特点：外院中轴线上的山门、春秋楼、关圣殿等主题建筑以一重、二重、三重檐建筑风格，独具特色，尤其是景区内主体建筑关圣殿高达33.1米，内塑15米高的关公塑像堪称全国之最；内院亭、台、楼、阁错落有致；西与文庙毗邻，“文武二圣并祀更是全国罕见。此外，景区还保留了许多珍贵的碑刻，其中元代大书法家赵孟（兆页）的《追封陇西郡伯李彬碑》乃为镇馆之宝。

　　景区自对外开放以来，旅游收入稳步增长，接待人数逐年增加。特别是被列为国家3A级景区以来，随着景区的各项服务功能逐步完善 旅游接待能力明显增强，2004年年接待游客达到10.5万人次，2005年为12.6万人次，2006年为14。8万人次。如今，春秋楼景区已日益成为海内外游客旅游观光，朝拜关公的旅游胜地。

　　据《三国志·蜀书》记载：“建安五年(200年)，曹公东征，先主奔袁绍，曹擒羽以归，拜为偏将军，礼之甚厚。”在此史实基础上，《三国演义》作了不乏附会的详尽描写：为保护甘糜二皇嫂的安全，关羽在“土山三约”之后归附曹操。曹操赐给关羽府宅一处，让关羽与二皇嫂共住。关羽分一宅为两院。皇嫂居内院，关羽只身在外。院中有楼，为关羽秉烛达旦夜读春秋之处，即春秋楼也。

　　春秋楼古建筑群，始建于元代至元年间，后经多次修葺。1995年许昌市人民政府斥资1500万元对春秋楼文物景区进行大规模修建，还新辟了春秋楼广场。春秋楼现属河南省人民政府公布的省级文物保护单位。

Xuchang Spring-Autumn Building scenery is located in the middle of the Wen Temple Front Street, the city center of Xuchang. It has not only a geographic advangtage, but convenient transportation as well. Spring-Autumn Building Scenery, which has been graded 3A of national tourist area, is an ancient building group with Ming-Qing style and it belongs to heritage protection authority of Henan province.

In the Jianan 5 of Dong Han Dynasty, Cao Cao fought in the east. He captured Guan Yu and Liu Bei’s two wives Gan and Mi during XIAPI campaign. In order to protect the two Royal sisters-in-law, Guan Yu surrendered to Cao Cao after “ Tu Shan Three Agreements”. Loving his capability very much, Cao Cao appointed Guan Yu as a general, who was given a yard for accommandation of Guan Yu and the two Royal sisters-in-law. To avoid gossips, Guan Yu devided the yard into two parts--inner yard and outer yard, inner part lived two ladies and Guan Yu lived outside. There was a building in the outer yard, where Guan Yu always stayed late by a candle at night to read < Spring and Autumn>. That is also the eponymy of Spring-Autumn Building.

The remaining Spring and Autumn buildings were built during the years of ZhiYuan in Yuan Dynasty which were continously repaired and renovated in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and formed the style of “ One Yard Two parts”. At the axis of outer part of the yard, there are Zhi Gate, Clock-Drum Building, Spring- Autumn Building, Dao-Yin Building, Saint Guan Temple etc. In the inner part, there are Greeting Kiosk, Back Palace of Gan-Mi, Gua-Yin-Feng-Jin Hall and affilated buildings. In the west side, it is connected with Wen Temple. The total size is about 30 acres. It is main scenery in the Three Kingdoms tourist route.

Introductions of the cultural facilities, cultural connotations, and features of the cultures: Spring-Autumn scenery is an academic scenery at the background of Three Kingdoms’ cultures, which has deep culutural connotations, and with perfect infrastructures. It has three main features:the Sha Men, Spring-Autumn Building and Saint Guan Temple which are main buildings in the middle axis of the outer yard have unique constructive styles of one eave, two eaves and three evaes, especially, the Saint Guan Temple is at the height of 33.1 meters, inside it is Guan Yu’s 15-meter-high statue, which is also the highest one all over the country; in the inner yard, kiosks, stages, buildings and pavilions are in picturesque disorder, which face Wen Temple to the west. Mo Saints in a row are very rare in China. Besides, there are many sculptured tombstones remained.Among them, the most famous tombstone is the calligrapher Zhao Meng(Zhao Ye) in Yuan Dynasty called “ Zhui Feng Long Xi Jun Bo Libin, which is the greatest treasue of the yard.

Since the opening of the scenery to the public, the income of tourism has increased steadily and the tourists have been increasing steadily too. Specially after it has been listed as a 3A tourist attraction, and as all kinds of services are improved day by day, the capacity of reception of the tourists is boosting up. In 2004, 105000 tourists were received, and 126000 in 2005, and in 2006 the number went up to 148000. Nowadays, the Spring-Autumn Buding has become a tourist attraction place for sight seeing and worshiping Guan Yu for natives and foreigners.

As the record in the Three Kingdoms-Shu  “in the Jian An 5(200 years), Cao Cao fought to the east. Liu bei went to Yuan Shao to seek shelter. During the fight, Cao Cao captured GuanYu. He not only appointed him as a general, but granted him a good treatment. Based on the history, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has made an detailed description: to protect the safety of Gan-Mi two sisters-in-law, Guan Yu surrendered to Cao Cao after “Tu Shan Agreements”. Cao Cao granted Guan Yu a Mansion House to accommandate Guan Yu and the two ladies. Guan Yu devided the House into two parts. The two royal sisters-in-law lived in the inner part and Guan Yu lived in the outer part. There is a building inside the yard, in which Guan Yu always stayed late by a candle at night to read “ Spring-Autumn”. So the building was named Spring- Autumn Building.

The Antient Spring-Autumn Building Groups were built in Zhi Yuan of Yuan Dynasty first and experienced repair and renovation for many times. The municipality of Xuchang spent 15 million for contruction of the scenery area of Spring-Autumn historical relic area, and made a Spring-Autumn Building square. Now Spring-Autumn Building belongs to provincial protected cultural unit which is announced by the government.许昌石岩外语翻译